Electricity

Electricity is composed of positively or negatively charged particles, either at rest or in motion. It surrounds us in everyday life and is used for lighting, heating, and electronics, among other things. Electricity can be generated in several ways, including through chemical reactions in batteries, solar energy in solar cells, and renewable energy sources such as wind power and hydropower.

Electricity can be divided into three different physical phenomena: electric charge, electric field, and electric current.

- Electric Charge

Electric charge is a fundamental property of particles, such as electrons and protons. Electrons have a negative charge, while protons have a positive charge. Particles with the same charge repel each other, while particles with opposite charges attract each other.

- Electric Field

When an electric field exists, it has the potential to create electric current. This potential is measured in volts. In some cases, the electric field occurs without current, and this phenomenon is called static electricity.

- Electric Current

Electric current is the movement of electric charges through a material. Current can be either direct current, where the charges move steadily in one direction, or alternating current, where the direction of the charge changes.